Diastema – Troublesome or Charming?
What Is a Diastema?
A diastema is the professional term for a noticeable gap between the upper central incisors. It is a distinctive feature of a person’s smile and can be part of their unique charm. The presence of a diastema on its own does not indicate dental problems; however, it’s important to note that its size can vary — from barely visible to large enough to interfere with proper bite function. In dentistry, it’s essential not only to observe the diastema itself but also to assess the overall condition of the oral cavity, including the potential causes of its development and any related health consequences. These are the aspects we will explore in the following text.
Causes of Diastema
The most common factors contributing to the occurrence of a diastema are genetic and anatomical predispositions. These include, among others, the shape and size of the dental arch or the positioning of the upper lip frenulum. In some patients, a frenulum attached too low can create additional pressure and hinder the teeth from coming closer together. Daily habits also play a significant role, such as prolonged thumb sucking during childhood or a tendency to hold the jaw in an improper position (e.g., excessive forward pushing of the teeth). The influence of these factors can lead to the persistence of the gap between the teeth, which may widen over time.
Impact of Diastema on Oral Health
Although a diastema rarely causes serious health problems on its own, in extreme cases it can make proper hygiene more difficult. Excessively wide gaps can encourage the accumulation of food debris, which in turn increases the risk of plaque and tartar buildup. This can lead to gum inflammation and periodontal disease.
It is important to focus on thorough oral care and support it with the right tools, such as a sonic toothbrush and a water flosser. These devices help remove plaque more effectively from hard-to-reach areas and significantly ease the maintenance of oral health.
Regular dental check-ups make it possible to assess the condition of the gums and teeth in a timely manner and help prevent potential complications that may arise from poorly managed diastema.
Can a Diastema Be Removed?
A diastema doesn’t have to be a permanent condition, although the decision to remove or keep it is always a matter of personal preference and a dentist’s recommendation. Depending on the cause and size of the gap, various techniques can be used to eliminate it.
Orthodontic methods allow the teeth to be moved and the space between them closed. This may involve treatment with fixed braces, aligner trays, or a frenulum correction procedure. In some cases, patients opt for veneers. This method primarily addresses the issue aesthetically and — unlike orthodontic treatment — offers immediate results.
Before deciding on a correction, it’s always worth consulting an orthodontist or dentist to determine the treatment plan most suitable for the individual case.